|
Poznań (; (ドイツ語:Posen), known also by other historical names) is a city on the Warta river in west-central Poland, in the region called Wielkopolska (Greater Poland). It is best known for its renaissance old town, destroyed during World War II and then rebuilt, and Ostrów Tumski cathedral. After the second partition of Poland Poznań was administrated by Prussia, and then, with the unification of Germany after the Franco-Prussian War of 1871, the province of Posen became part of the German Empire. Furthermore, the city of Posen was officially named an imperial residence city, leading to the construction of the Imperial Castle, the Imperial District, the Opera House, new city walls, railway station and many other sites which make a big part of its landmarks to this day. Today, Poznań is an important cultural and business centre and one of Poland's most populous regions with many regional customs such as Jarmark Świętojański, traditional Saint Martin's croissants and a local dialect. Poznań is among the oldest cities in Poland and was one of the most important centers in the early Polish state in the tenth and eleventh centuries. The first center city was Ostrów Tumski, the natural island on the Warta river-very similar to the Île de la Cité in Paris. The first rulers were buried in Poznań's cathedral on the island. It also served as the capital for a short time in the 13th century, hence the official name: The capital city of Poznan. Poznań is one of the biggest cities in Poland. The city population is about 550,000, while the continuous conurbation with Poznan County and several other communities (Oborniki, Skoki, Szamotuły and Śrem)〔http://www.aglomeracja.poznan.pl/aglomeracja/public/aglomeracja/news.html?co=print&id=45688&instance=1141&lang=pl〕〔http://epoznan.pl/news-news-26497?mb=1〕 is inhabited by almost 1.1 million people. The Larger Poznań Metropolitan Area (PMA) is inhabited by 1.3-1.4 million people and extends to such satellite towns as Nowy Tomyśl, Gniezno and Wrzesnia,〔http://www.funduszestrukturalne.gov.pl/informator/npr2/dokumenty%20strategiczne/kpzk.pdf〕〔http://www.wbpp.poznan.pl/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50&Itemid=1〕〔http://www.wbpp.poznan.pl/opracowania/POM/POM.html〕〔http://wydawnictwoumk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/AUNC_EKON/article/view/AUNC_EKON.2013.006〕 making it the fourth largest metropolitan area in Poland. It is the historical capital of the Wielkopolska (Greater Poland) region and is currently the administrative capital of the province called Greater Poland Voivodeship. Poznań is today one of the largest Polish centers of trade, industry, sports, education, technology, tourism and culture. It is particularly important academic center, with about 130,000 students and the third biggest Polish university - Adam Mickiewicz University. It is also the residence of the oldest Polish diocese, now being one of the most populous archdioceses in the country. In 2012, the Poznań's Art and Business Center "Stary Browar" won a competition organized by National Geographic Traveller and was given the first prize as one of the seven "New Polish Wonders". Poznań has been rated highly, often coming first for Poland, as a city with a very high quality of life.〔Przekroj 2009〕〔Newsweek Polska 2010〕 The city has also won many times a prize awarded by "Superbrands" for a very high quality brand of city of Poznań. Poznań was classified in 2012 as high sufficiency city by Globalization and World Cities Research Network. The official patron saints of Poznań are Saint Peter and Paul of Tarsus, the patrons of the cathedral. As a patron of the city is regarded as well the patron of the main street Święty Marcin - Martin of Tours. ==Names== The name Poznań probably comes from a personal name, ''Poznan'', (from the Polish participle ''poznan(y)'' – "one who is known/recognized"), and would mean "Poznan's town". It is also possible that the name comes directly from the verb ''poznać'', which means "to get to know" or "to recognize," so it may simply mean "known town". The earliest surviving references to the city are found in the chronicles of Thietmar of Merseburg, written between 1012 and 1018: ''episcopus Posnaniensis'' ("bishop of Poznań", in an entry for 970) and ''ab urbe Posnani'' ("from the city of Poznań", for 1005). The city's name appears in documents in the Latin nominative case as ''Posnania'' in 1236 and ''Poznania'' in 1247. The phrase ''in Poznan'' appears in 1146 and 1244. The city's full official name is ''Stołeczne Miasto Poznań'' ("The Capital City of Poznań"), in reference to its role as a centre of political power in the early Polish state. Poznań is known as ''Posen'' in German, and was officially called ''Haupt- und Residenzstadt Posen'' ("Capital and Residence City of Poznań") between 20 August 1910 and 28 November 1918. The Latin names of the city are ''Posnania'' and ''Civitas Posnaniensis''. Its Yiddish name is פּױזן, or ''Poyzn''. The Russian version of the name, Познань ''(Poznan')'', is of feminine gender, in contrast to the Polish name, which is masculine. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Poznań」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|